OverviewThe Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities scheme provides funding for research infrastructure, equipment and facilities to Eligible Organisations. It enables researchers to participate in cooperative initiatives so that expensive research infrastructure, equipment and facilities can be shared between higher education organisations and also with industry. The scheme also fosters collaboration through its support of the cooperative use of international or national research facilities.The objectives of the Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities scheme are to:support excellent basic and applied research and research training through the acquisition of research equipment and infrastructure and access to national and international research facilities; andencourage Eligible Organisations to develop collaborative arrangements with other Eligible Organisations and/or Partner Organisations for the acquisition and use of research equipment and infrastructure or access to national and international facilities. Selection ProcessApplications for funding commencing in 2024 opened on 25 January 2023 and closed on 29 March 2023. Applications were submitted through the Australian Research Council (ARC) Research Management System (RMS). This report outlines outcomes from the selection process for that round.These outcomes are based on advice from the ARC Selection Advisory Committee (SAC) which:assessed applications and reviewed assessments made by independent assessorsreviewed applicants’ comments on assessors’ reportsranked each application relative to the others on the basis of the application, the assessors’ reports and applicants’ responses to those assessmentsassessed and recommended budgets;and, advice from the ARC’s National Competitive Grants Program (NCGP) Eligibility Committee which:considered eligibility issues identified by ARC staff, the members of the ARC College of Experts or independent assessorswhere required, sought advice from the ARC’s Medical Research Advisory Groupmade recommendations to the CEO in respect of ineligible applications.This report reflects the outcomes approved by the Minister. Unless otherwise specified, data presented in this report exclude withdrawn applications. Assessment CriteriaAll applications that meet the eligibility criteria for Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities 2024 were assessed and merit ranked using the following assessment criteria:Investigator(s)/Capability (20%)Describe the:demonstrated record in these activities (for CIs and PIs who will manage the purchase, design, manufacture, installation, maintenance and coordination of access to the proposed research infrastructure); andrelevance of the research infrastructure to the research capacity and planned activities of each CI and PI on the application and, where relevant, to the research groups represented on the application.Project quality and innovation (25%)Describe the:aims and significance of the research that will be supported by LIEF funding;relevance of the proposed research infrastructure to the needs of ARC and other competitively funded research projects/programs;importance of equipment for the training of research students;enhancement of support for areas of existing and/or emerging research strength; anddemonstrated national or international focus for large scale cooperative initiatives.Feasibility and strategic alignment (25%)Describe the:extent to which the project represents value for money;feasibility of the plan to use the research infrastructure;relevance of the research to the strategic priorities of the organisations;evidence that each of the organisations is genuinely committed to, and prepared to collaborate in, the project;existing or planned strategic research alliances between the higher education organisation(s) and other organisation(s);effectiveness of cooperative arrangements for the management and sharing of the proposed research infrastructure, including arrangements for ongoing operational expenditure where applicable; andextent to which the project aligns with Australian Government priority areas.If the project involves research infrastructure pertaining to Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander communities describe:the strategies for enabling collaboration with Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander communities (for example, dialogue/collaboration with an Indigenous cultural mentor);any existing or developing, supportive and high-quality research relationships with Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander research communities; andany personal affiliations with local Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander communities that can facilitate the proposed research infrastructure.Benefit (10%)Describe the:benefit of the proposed research infrastructure to the broader research community;capacity to contribute to Australian Government priority areas, such as the National Manufacturing Priorities; andwhere relevant, the extent to which the applicants have identified the freedom to operate in the Intellectual Property and patent landscape to enable future benefits to industry.Suitability/Need (20%)Describe the:demonstrated needs from the researchers and/or research projects that they will utilise the proposed research infrastructure, including level of demand and likely measurable impact on the research program, including beyond the project activity period;availability of and access to similar research infrastructure at organisational, regional, national and/or international level;planned rate of use of the proposed research infrastructure, including proposed arrangements for broader access to individuals not named on the application;alignment of the planned use with other similar existing infrastructure within Australia and/or internationally; andspecial needs for regional or otherwise remote institutions. Assessment processThe ARC assessment process for Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities 2024 involved 18 SAC members as a part of one multidisciplinary panel and was managed in the RMS. A total of 343 independent assessors’ reports were submitted to the ARC. Funding levels and durationThe minimum level of funding provided by the ARC under Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities 2024 is $150,000 per annum and the maximum level of funding cannot exceed 75 per cent of the total direct cost of the eligible budget item(s). Funding is provided for up to one year; or, up to 5 years for leasing infrastructure, equipment or facilities, the construction of research infrastructure, or subscription or coordinated access to international facilities and major national facilities. Summary of OutcomesThe ARC received a total of 104 applications for Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities for funding commencing in 2024, of which one application was withdrawn.The overall success rate for Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities for funding commencing in 2024 is 34.0 per cent.Of the unsuccessful applications, one was found to not meet eligibility requirements.A comparison of success rates and funding amounts is shown in Table 1.Table 1. Comparison of application numbers, success rates, requested and allocated funds for approved Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities applications from 2023 and 2024.Funding yearApplications consideredApplications approvedSuccess rate (%)Requested funds over project life for all applications considered ($)Requested funds over project life for approved applications ($)Funds allocated over project life for approved applications*($)Return rate for approved applications (%)20231334533.8$133,141,926$42,942,422$39,515,94292.020241033534.0$107,795,718$31,632,111$28,158,34789.0*May include indicative funds Outcomes by disciplineA summary of outcomes by discipline is shown in Table 2.Table 2. Application numbers, success rates and requested and allocated funds for approved Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities 2024 applications by discipline.Discipline *Applications consideredApplications approvedSuccess rate (%)Requested funds over project life for all applications considered ($)Requested funds over project life for approved applications ($)Funds over project life for approved applications ($)Return Rate for approved applications (%)BSB18738.9$16,601,503$4,389,069$4,181,60995.3EIC501326.0$49,070,161$12,893,977$11,421,71888.6HCA200$2,843,777---MPCE291448.3$34,683,698$13,745,008$12,055,02087.7SBE4125.0$4,596,579$604,057$500,00082.8Total1033534.0$107,795,718$31,632,111$28,158,34789.0* BSB – Biological Sciences and Biotechnology; EIC – Engineering, Information and Computing Sciences; HCA – Humanities and Creative Arts; MPCE – Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry and Earth Sciences; SBE – Social, Behavioural and Economic Sciences Outcomes by Administering OrganisationA summary of outcomes by Administering Organisation is shown in Table 3.Table 3. Number of applications and success rates for approved Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities 2024 applications by Administering Organisation. Administering OrganisationApplications consideredApplications approvedSuccess rate (%)Funds over project life for approved applications ($)Australian Capital Territory300-The Australian National University300-New South Wales311858.1$14,406,279Macquarie University11100.0$510,000The University of New South Wales13861.5$6,009,386The University of Newcastle2150.0$450,000The University of Sydney10660.0$5,965,943University of Technology, Sydney3133.3$539,000University of Wollongong100-Western Sydney University11100.0$931,950Northern Territory100-Charles Darwin University1 00 -Queensland16637.5$4,519,675Griffith University3133.3$193,125James Cook University11100.0$350,000Queensland University of Technology3133.3$638,853The University of Queensland8337.5$3,337,697University of Southern Queensland100-South Australia10550.0$4,660,721Flinders University22100.0$2,050,000The University of Adelaide7228.6$2,080,000University of South Australia11100.0$530,721Tasmania3266.7$970,000University of Tasmania3266.7$970,000Victoria3239.4$3,310,000Deakin University300-La Trobe University1 00 -Monash University11218.2$2,570,000RMIT University8112.5$740,000Swinburne University of Technology400-The University of Melbourne500-Western Australia7114.3$291,672Curtin University4125.0$291,672The University of Western Australia300-Total1033534.0$28,158,347Career age and genderOf the 1103 Chief Investigators (CIs) in this round, 308 were female, 794 were male and one was unspecified. The success rate for female and male and unspecified CIs in Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities 2024 is 35.4 per cent, 32.4 per cent and 0 per cent respectively.Success rates of CIs by career age and gender in Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities 2024 are presented in Figure 1. CIs who did not provide gender information (0.1 per cent) and CIs who did not specify the date of completion of their PhD or who do not hold a PhD (0.2 per cent) are not represented in the figure below.Figure 1. Participation and success rate of Chief Investigators (CIs) in Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities 2024 by gender and career age* *Career age is calculated as years since PhD (or equivalent). The earliest PhD award date was used where there was more than one PhD. Collaboration with Other Eligible Organisations, Partner Organisations and Other OrganisationsLinkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities applications are expected to develop collaborative arrangements with Other Eligible Organisations and/or Partner Organisations and Other Organisations.A summary of success rates by number of Eligible Organisations is shown in Table 4.Table 4. Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities 2024 application success rates by number of Eligible Organisations.Number of Eligible Organisations*Number of applications consideredNumber of applications approvedSuccess rate within band (%)16466.7213430.8314642.9423939.1519421.1610550.078112.58500.093266.71010011100Total1033534.0* An application with only one Eligible Organisation (the Administering Organisation) may or may not include Partner Organisations and/or Other Organisations. A summary of application success rates by number of collaborating organisations is shown in Table 5.Table 5. Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities 2024 application success rates by number of collaborating organisations.Number of collaborating organisations*Number of applications consideredNumber of applications approvedSuccess rate within band (%)133100.026116.7314750.0419842.1514535.7617423.5711436.4840098225.010100115120.012100.0Total1033534.0* Collaborating organisations include the Administering Organisation, Other Eligible Organisations, Partner Organisations and Other Organisations. International CollaborationIn the 103 applications considered, applicants foreshadowed 199 instances of collaboration with researchers in 38 overseas locations. Of the applications approved for funding, 17 foreshadowed 90 instances of collaboration with researchers in 28 overseas locations (Figure 2).Figure 2. International collaborations by location in approved Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities 2024 applications*. *The top 12 international collaboration locations are listed in Figure 1 and the remaining locations are grouped in the ‘Other’ category. Leverage of ARC fundingOn Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities 2024 applications approved for funding, for every dollar funded by the ARC the proposed dollar contribution of the collaborating organisations listed on these applications is $0.87. The leverage of ARC funds for approved applications is shown in Table 6.Table 6. Leverage of ARC funds for approved applications.Number of applications approvedApproved ARC fundingNumber of unique collaborating organisations*Incidence of involvement of collaborating organisations*Collaborating organisation* Cash and In-kind contributionLeverage (Collaborating organisation* contribution/ARC approved funding)35$28,158,34745164$24,599,156$0.87*Collaborating organisations include the Administering Organisation, Other Eligible Organisations, Partner Organisations and Other Organisations. Summary of Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities applications approved for fundingA summary of the Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities applications approved for funding commencing in 2024, by Administering Organisation is outlined in Table 7. The application titles indicate the variety of equipment, infrastructure and facilities supported in this scheme round.Table 7. Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities applications approved for funding commencing in 2024.Applications approved for fundingAdministering OrganisationLead CICompound specific isotopes of polar organic molecules in complex mixturesCurtin UniversityGrice, Prof KlitiRevitalising NMR facilities in South Australia - Stage 2Flinders UniversityJohnston, A/Prof MartinA femtosecond beamline for time-resolved momentum microscopyJones, Dr DarrylSediment Drilling Facility for environmental and genetic archivesGriffith UniversityKemp, Dr JustineNorthern Australia Plant Biosecurity FacilityJames Cook UniversityCernusak, A/Prof LucasIntegrated multimodal microscopy facility for single molecule analysisMacquarie UniversityWang, Prof YulingScanning Transmission Electron Microscope for Beam-Sensitive MaterialsMonash UniversityBourgeois, A/Prof LaureA multimodal infrared, Raman and fluorescence submicron imaging microscopeWood, Prof BaydenHigh speed multi modal in-situ Transmission Electron Microscopy platformQueensland University of TechnologyGolberg, Prof DmitriNational Electron Beam Irradiation FacilityRMIT UniversityGibson, Prof BrantFacilities for Atmospheric Boundary Layer Evaluation and TestingThe University of AdelaideArjomandi, Prof MaziarAn ion mobility-mass spectrometry based platform for structural proteomicsPukala, Prof TaraCryogenic microwave characterization facility for quantum technologiesThe University of New South WalesCassidy, Dr MajaUltra-fast structure-property characterisation of materialsGludovatz, A/Prof BerndThermophysical Property Analysers for Materials under Extreme EnvironmentsLi, Prof SeanThe National Cycling Data and Analysis Platform (NCDAP)Pettit, Prof ChristopherAn Open Access Native Mass Spectrometry FacilityRaftery, A/Prof MarkUltrafast Infrared Spectroscopy FacilitySchmidt, Prof TimothyQuantum microscopy facility for ultrasensitive nanoscale magnetic imagingSeidel, Prof JanIntegrated Tip-Enabled Nanofabrication and Characterisation at Atomic ScaleXia, Prof ZhenhaiSmall Animal In Vivo Imaging Facility with microCT imaging capabilitiesThe University of NewcastleHua, A/Prof SusanSuper-resolution platform to accelerate biological and molecular researchThe University of QueenslandFairlie, Prof DavidCryogenic Experimental Laboratory for Low-background Australian ResearchHarris, Dr GlenA national network for magnetic resonance spectroscopyMobli, Prof MehdiAustralia’s fuel cells and electrolysers prototyping and testing facilityThe University of SydneyAguey-Zinsou, Prof Kondo-FrancoisSingle-molecule Manipulation and Interaction Facility (SMIF)Ju, A/Prof Lining (Arnold)In-situ nanomechanical testing for materials under extreme environmentsLiao, Prof XiaozhouDedicated High-throughput 3D-Electron DiffractometerLing, Prof ChrisDeep imaging for understanding molecular processes in complex organismsNew, Prof ElizabethPowder Manufacturing Facility for Additive ManufacturingProust, Prof GwenaelleState-of-the-art atomic force microscopy facilities for South AustraliaUniversity of South AustraliaBlencowe, A/Prof AntonAdvanced HR-ICP-MS facility for marine, Antarctic and environmental samplesUniversity of TasmaniaBowie, Prof AndrewAcquisition of an advanced Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorter for Tasmania.Taberlay, A/Prof PhillippaFederated Omniverse Facilities for Smart Digital FuturesUniversity of Technology SydneyCao, Prof LongbingAustralian Advanced Metabolic Signal Discovery, and Imaging PlatformWestern Sydney UniversityMcQuinn, Dr Ryan