OverviewThe Australian Laureate Fellowships scheme reflects the Australian Government’s commitment to excellence in research by supporting world-class researchers to conduct research in Australia. The objectives of the Australian Laureate Fellowships scheme are to: support ground-breaking, internationally-competitive basic and applied researchforge strong links among researchers, the international research community and/or industry and other research end-usersenhance the scale and focus of research in Australian Government priority areasattract and retain outstanding researchers and research leaders of international reputationprovide an excellent research training environment and exemplary mentorship to nurture early-career researchers. Selection processApplications for funding commencing in 2021 opened on 11 September 2020 and closed on 4 November 2020. Applications were submitted through the Australian Research Council (ARC) Research Management System (RMS). This report outlines outcomes from the ARC Chief Executive Officer (CEO) to the Minister.These outcomes are based on advice from the ARC Selection Advisory Committee (SAC) which: assessed applications and reviewed assessments made by independent assessorsreviewed candidates’ comments on assessors’ reportsranked each application relative to the others on the basis of the application, the assessors’ reports and candidates’ responses to those assessmentsassessed and recommended budgets; and, advice from the ARC’s National Competitive Grants Program (NCGP) Eligibility Committee which:considered eligibility issues identified by ARC staff, the members of the ARC SAC or independent assessorswhere required, sought advice from the ARC’s Medical Research Advisory Groupmade recommendations to the CEO in respect of ineligible applications.This report reflects the outcomes approved by the Minister. Unless otherwise specified, data represented in this report exclude withdrawn applications. Assessment criteriaAll applications that meet the eligibility criteria for the Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 applications were assessed and merit ranked using the following assessment criteria:a. Investigator/Capability (40%)Describe the:Research Opportunity and Performance Evidence (ROPE) including:outstanding research outputs and achievements taking into account research opportunity;evidence for and/or potential to undertake ground-breaking research;leadership ability and plans to build world class research capacity and diverse teams; andpotential to create an enduring legacy.extent to which the candidate will build collaborations across research organisations and/or industry and/or with other disciplines both within Australia and internationally.b. Project quality and innovation (25%)Describe the:contribution to an important gap in knowledge or significant problem;novelty/originality and innovation of the proposed research (including any new methods, technologies, theories or ideas that will be developed);clarity of the hypothesis, theories and research questions;cohesiveness of the project design and implementation plan (including the appropriateness of the aim, conceptual framework, method, data and/or analyses);extent to which the research has the potential to enhance international collaboration; andextent to which the research will be cost-effective and represents value for money.If the project involves Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research describe:the strategies for enabling collaboration with Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities where appropriate (for example, dialogue/collaboration with an Indigenous cultural mentor); andany existing or developing, supportive and high quality research communities.c. Benefit (10%)Describe the potential benefits including the:new or advanced knowledge resulting from outcomes of the research;economic, commercial, environmental, social and/or cultural benefits for Australia and international communities; andpotential contribution to capacity in the Australian Government’s National Science and Research Priorities and other priorities identified by government.d. Mentoring and capacity building (25%) Describe:Mentoring, including the extent to which the candidate demonstrates:exceptional ability to supervise and mentor postdoctoral researchers and other early-mid career researchers; andthey will be providing a suitable environment for postgraduate students and postdoctoral researchers.Capacity building, including:the extent to which the project will build new teams and create world-class research capacity, collaboration and innovation;the extent to which the candidate demonstrates exceptional leadership and the organisational ability to ensure the development of scale and focus in research;evidence of the project’s and researchers’ potential to attract financial resources to enhance research capacity; andthe extent to which this research builds new international research collaboration or links between research and industry. Assessment processThe ARC assessment process for Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 involved 15 Selection Advisory Committee members on one multi-discipline panel and was managed in RMS. A total of 484 independent assessors’ reports were submitted to the ARC. Funding levels and durationAustralian Laureate Fellowships projects are funded for five years on a full-time basis, subject to sufficient scheme funding, the provisions of the Australian Research Council Act 2001 (the ARC Act), and continued satisfactory progress of the Australian Laureate Fellowships project.It is a requirement of the Grant Guidelines for the Discovery Program (2019 edition) for the Administering Organisation to provide a salary of Level E professorial appointment (or equivalent) to the successful candidate, with the ARC providing the salary supplement of $169,163 (2020$) per annum including 30 per cent on-costs.In addition to the Australian Laureate Fellowship salary supplement and salary-related (on-cost) support, the ARC may provide Australian Laureate Fellows with:additional funding for up to two postdoctoral research associates for five years each and up to two postgraduate researchers for four years each; andproject funding of up to $300,000 per annum (for up to five years). Summary of outcomesThe ARC received a total of 170 applications for Australian Laureate Fellowships for funding commencing in 2021. Seventeen Australian Laureate Fellows are approved for funding commencing in 2021, shown in Table 1. The overall success rate for Australian Laureate Fellowships for funding commencing in 2021 is 10.0 per cent. The total indicative funding approved is $53.7 million over five financial years (Tables 2 and 4). A comparison of success rates and funding amounts is shown in Table 2.Of the unsuccessful applications in 2021, zero were found not to meet eligibility requirements.Table 1. Australian Laureate Fellows approved for funding commencing in 2021Fellowship candidateAdministering OrganisationProfessor Matthew BarnettDeakin UniversityProfessor Axel BrunsQueensland University of TechnologyProfessor Helen ByrneThe University of SydneyProfessor Kishan DholakiaThe University of AdelaideProfessor Jeffery ErringtonThe University of SydneyProfessor Sharon FrielThe Australian National UniversityProfessor Kliti GriceCurtin UniversityProfessor Zaiping GuoUniversity of WollongongProfessor Dayong JinUniversity of Technology SydneyProfessor Yun LiuThe Australian National UniversityProfessor Dena LyrasMonash UniversityProfessor Alexander McBratneyThe University of SydneyProfessor Naomi McClure-GriffithsThe Australian National UniversityProfessor Michael MilfordQueensland University of TechnologyProfessor Sundhya PahujaThe University of MelbourneProfessor Robert PartonThe University of QueenslandProfessor Andrew WhiteThe University of Queensland* Biographies for the 17 Australian Laureate Fellows will be available on the ARC Website. Table 2. Comparison of application numbers, success rates, requested and allocated funds for approved Australian Laureate Fellowships applications from 2020 to 2021.Funding yearApplications consideredApplications approvedSuccess rate (%)Requested funds over project life for all applications considered ($)Requested funds over project life for approved applications ($)Funds allocated over project life for approved applications ($)Return rate for approved applications (%)2020157159.6$532,112,154$51,957,989$47,329,28691.120211701710.0$585,818,173$59,759,625$53,706,71089.9Kathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate Fellowship and Georgina Sweet Australian Laureate FellowshipOf the 41 female Australian Laureate Fellowship candidates, 35 applied for a Kathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate Fellowship or a Georgina Sweet Australian Laureate Fellowship.The recipients of the Kathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate Fellowship (awarded to a highly ranked candidate from the Humanities, Arts and Social Science disciplines) and the Georgina Sweet Australian Laureate Fellowship (awarded to a highly ranked candidate from the Science and Technology disciplines) are provided with additional funding to undertake an ambassadorial role to promote women in research and to mentor early career researchers, particularly women, to encourage them to enter and establish careers in research in Australia. The assessment for these prestigious Fellowships takes place in two stages. Applicants who have indicated interest in either a Georgina Sweet or Kathleen Fitzpatrick Fellowship must first be successful as an Australian Laureate Fellow. Only when the SAC has recommended them as Australian Laureate Fellows will an applicant be assessed for a Kathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate Fellowship or a Georgina Sweet Australian Laureate Fellowship.The 2021 recipients of the Kathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate Fellowship or a Georgina Sweet Australian Laureate Fellowship are shown in Table 3.Table 3. 2021 Kathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate Fellowship and Georgina Sweet Australian Laureate FellowshipFellowship TypeApproved candidateAdministering OrganisationKathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate FellowshipProfessor Sundhya PahujaThe University of MelbourneGeorgina Sweet Australian Laureate FellowshipProfessor Yun LiuThe Australian National UniversityTable 4. Indicative funds for approved Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 applicationsBudget item2021–20222022–20232023–20242024-20252025-2026TOTALLaureate Salary supplement including on-costs$2,875,771$2,875,771$2,875,771$2,875,771$2,875,771$14,378,855ARC Postdoctoral Researchers$3,531,308$3,531,308$3,531,308$3,531,308$3,531,308$17,656,540ARC Postgraduate Researchers$618,332$955,604$955,604$955,604$337,272$3,822,416Project Funding$3,761,155$3,600,735$3,561,670$3,444,445$3,480,894$17,848,899TOTAL$10,786,566$10,963,418$10,924,353$10,807,128$10,225,245$53,706,710Outcomes by disciplineA summary of outcomes by discipline panel is shown in Table 5. Table 5. Application numbers, success rates and requested and allocated funds for Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 by disciplineDiscipline *Applications consideredApplications approvedSuccess rate (%)Requested funds over project life for all applications considered ($)Requested funds over project life for approved applications ($)Funds over project life for approved applications ($)ReturnRate for approved applications (%)BSB29413.8$103,705,548$14,451,916$12,815,35788.7EIC45511.1$157,586,996$17,162,470$14,857,04186.6HCA2627.7$89,768,040$6,980,742$6,710,43796.1MPCE41512.2$137,664,294$17,471,959$15,858,87590.8SBE2913.4$97,093,295$3,692,538$3,465,00093.8Total1701710.0$585,818,173$59,759,625$53,706,71089.9*BSB = Biological Sciences and Biotechnology; EIC = Engineering, Information and Computing Sciences; HCA = Humanities and Creative Arts; MPCE = Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry and Earth Sciences; SBE = Social, Behavioural and Economics Sciences Outcomes by Science and Research PrioritiesA summary of outcomes by Science and Research Priorities is shown in Table 6.Table 6. Approved funding and success rates for Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 applications by Science and Research PrioritiesScience and Research PrioritiesApplications consideredApplications approvedSuccess rate (%)Approved funds over project life ($)Advanced Manufacturing29413.8$12,123,263Cybersecurity9111.1$3,518,080Energy6116.7$3,263,000Environmental Change3313.0$2,968,718Food7114.3$3,331,707Health25416.0$13,134,116Resources600.0$0Soil and Water3133.3$3,277,650Transport6116.7$2,716,041None Selected4636.5$9,374,135Total1701710.0$53,706,710Total within Science and Research Priorities1241411.3$44,332,575Percentage within Science and Research Priorities (%)72.982.4 82.5Outcomes by Administering OrganisationThe Administering Organisations of the 17 applications approved for funding are: Curtin University (1)Deakin University (1)Monash University (1)Queensland University of Technology (2)The Australian National University (3)The University of Adelaide (1) The University of Melbourne (1)The University of Queensland (2)The University of Sydney (3)University of Technology Sydney (1)University of Wollongong (1) Career age and genderOf the 170 Australian Laureate Fellowship candidates in this round, 41 were female, 128 were male and one chose not to specify gender. The success rate for female, male and unspecified candidates in this round is 19.5 per cent, 7.0 per cent and 0.0 per cent respectively. Success rates of Australian Laureate Fellowship candidates by career age and gender in the current Australian Laureate Fellowship round are presented in Figure 1. Candidates who did not provide gender information (0.6 per cent) and candidates who did not specify the date of completion of their PhD or who do not hold a PhD (0.6 per cent) are not represented in the figure below. Figure 1. Participation and success rate of Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 candidate by gender and career age* * Career age is calculated as years since PhD. The earliest PhD award date was used where there was more than one PhD. Attracting and retaining outstanding researchersApplications were open to Eligible Organisations to nominate candidates who are world-class researchers of international repute, resident either within Australia or overseas (Table 7).Table 7. Citizenship/residency status of Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 candidates and approved AwardeesCitizenship/residency statusApplications considered% of Applications consideredApplications approvedSuccess rate (%)Foreign Nationals148.2321.4Resident Australians15088.2149.3Returning Australians63.500.0Total1701001710.0Note: All totals and percentages are shown using rounded figures, and as such may not sum. International collaborationAmong 170 of the applications considered, applicants foreshadowed 815 instances of collaboration with researchers in 74 overseas locations. Of the applications approved for funding, 17 foreshadowed 94 instances of collaboration with researchers in 32 overseas locations (Figure 2).Figure 2. International collaborations by location in approved Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 applications* *The top 10 international collaboration locations are listed in Figure 2 and the remaining are grouped in the ‘Other’ category.