Overview The Australian Laureate Fellowships scheme reflects the Australian Government’s commitment to excellence in research by supporting world-class researchers to conduct research in Australia. The objectives of the Australian Laureate Fellowships scheme are to: support ground-breaking, internationally-competitive basic and applied research forge strong links among researchers, the international research community and/or industry and other research end-users enhance the scale and focus of research in Australian Government priority areas attract and retain outstanding researchers and research leaders of international reputation provide an excellent research training environment and exemplary mentorship to nurture early-career researchers. Selection process Applications for funding commencing in 2021 opened on 11 September 2020 and closed on 4 November 2020. Applications were submitted through the Australian Research Council (ARC) Research Management System (RMS). This report outlines outcomes from the ARC Chief Executive Officer (CEO) to the Minister. These outcomes are based on advice from the ARC Selection Advisory Committee (SAC) which: assessed applications and reviewed assessments made by independent assessors reviewed candidates’ comments on assessors’ reports ranked each application relative to the others on the basis of the application, the assessors’ reports and candidates’ responses to those assessments assessed and recommended budgets; and, advice from the ARC’s National Competitive Grants Program (NCGP) Eligibility Committee which: considered eligibility issues identified by ARC staff, the members of the ARC SAC or independent assessors where required, sought advice from the ARC’s Medical Research Advisory Group made recommendations to the CEO in respect of ineligible applications. This report reflects the outcomes approved by the Minister. Unless otherwise specified, data represented in this report exclude withdrawn applications. Assessment criteria All applications that meet the eligibility criteria for the Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 applications were assessed and merit ranked using the following assessment criteria: a. Investigator/Capability (40%) Describe the: Research Opportunity and Performance Evidence (ROPE) including: outstanding research outputs and achievements taking into account research opportunity; evidence for and/or potential to undertake ground-breaking research; leadership ability and plans to build world class research capacity and diverse teams; and potential to create an enduring legacy. extent to which the candidate will build collaborations across research organisations and/or industry and/or with other disciplines both within Australia and internationally. b. Project quality and innovation (25%) Describe the: contribution to an important gap in knowledge or significant problem; novelty/originality and innovation of the proposed research (including any new methods, technologies, theories or ideas that will be developed); clarity of the hypothesis, theories and research questions; cohesiveness of the project design and implementation plan (including the appropriateness of the aim, conceptual framework, method, data and/or analyses); extent to which the research has the potential to enhance international collaboration; and extent to which the research will be cost-effective and represents value for money. If the project involves Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research describe: the strategies for enabling collaboration with Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities where appropriate (for example, dialogue/collaboration with an Indigenous cultural mentor); and any existing or developing, supportive and high quality research communities. c. Benefit (10%) Describe the potential benefits including the: new or advanced knowledge resulting from outcomes of the research; economic, commercial, environmental, social and/or cultural benefits for Australia and international communities; and potential contribution to capacity in the Australian Government’s National Science and Research Priorities and other priorities identified by government. d. Mentoring and capacity building (25%) Describe: Mentoring, including the extent to which the candidate demonstrates: exceptional ability to supervise and mentor postdoctoral researchers and other early-mid career researchers; and they will be providing a suitable environment for postgraduate students and postdoctoral researchers. Capacity building, including: the extent to which the project will build new teams and create world-class research capacity, collaboration and innovation; the extent to which the candidate demonstrates exceptional leadership and the organisational ability to ensure the development of scale and focus in research; evidence of the project’s and researchers’ potential to attract financial resources to enhance research capacity; and the extent to which this research builds new international research collaboration or links between research and industry. Assessment process The ARC assessment process for Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 involved 15 Selection Advisory Committee members on one multi-discipline panel and was managed in RMS. A total of 484 independent assessors’ reports were submitted to the ARC. Funding levels and duration Australian Laureate Fellowships projects are funded for five years on a full-time basis, subject to sufficient scheme funding, the provisions of the Australian Research Council Act 2001 (the ARC Act), and continued satisfactory progress of the Australian Laureate Fellowships project. It is a requirement of the Grant Guidelines for the Discovery Program (2019 edition) for the Administering Organisation to provide a salary of Level E professorial appointment (or equivalent) to the successful candidate, with the ARC providing the salary supplement of $169,163 (2020$) per annum including 30 per cent on-costs. In addition to the Australian Laureate Fellowship salary supplement and salary-related (on-cost) support, the ARC may provide Australian Laureate Fellows with: additional funding for up to two postdoctoral research associates for five years each and up to two postgraduate researchers for four years each; and project funding of up to $300,000 per annum (for up to five years). Summary of outcomes The ARC received a total of 170 applications for Australian Laureate Fellowships for funding commencing in 2021. Seventeen Australian Laureate Fellows are approved for funding commencing in 2021, shown in Table 1. The overall success rate for Australian Laureate Fellowships for funding commencing in 2021 is 10.0 per cent. The total indicative funding approved is $53.7 million over five financial years (Tables 2 and 4). A comparison of success rates and funding amounts is shown in Table 2. Of the unsuccessful applications in 2021, zero were found not to meet eligibility requirements. Table 1. Australian Laureate Fellows approved for funding commencing in 2021 Fellowship candidate Administering Organisation Professor Matthew Barnett Deakin University Professor Axel Bruns Queensland University of Technology Professor Helen Byrne The University of Sydney Professor Kishan Dholakia The University of Adelaide Professor Jeffery Errington The University of Sydney Professor Sharon Friel The Australian National University Professor Kliti Grice Curtin University Professor Zaiping Guo University of Wollongong Professor Dayong Jin University of Technology Sydney Professor Yun Liu The Australian National University Professor Dena Lyras Monash University Professor Alexander McBratney The University of Sydney Professor Naomi McClure-Griffiths The Australian National University Professor Michael Milford Queensland University of Technology Professor Sundhya Pahuja The University of Melbourne Professor Robert Parton The University of Queensland Professor Andrew White The University of Queensland * Biographies for the 17 Australian Laureate Fellows will be available on the ARC Website. Table 2. Comparison of application numbers, success rates, requested and allocated funds for approved Australian Laureate Fellowships applications from 2020 to 2021. Funding year Applications considered Applications approved Success rate (%) Requested funds over project life for all applications considered ($) Requested funds over project life for approved applications ($) Funds allocated over project life for approved applications ($) Return rate for approved applications (%) 2020 157 15 9.6 $532,112,154 $51,957,989 $47,329,286 91.1 2021 170 17 10.0 $585,818,173 $59,759,625 $53,706,710 89.9 Kathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate Fellowship and Georgina Sweet Australian Laureate Fellowship Of the 41 female Australian Laureate Fellowship candidates, 35 applied for a Kathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate Fellowship or a Georgina Sweet Australian Laureate Fellowship. The recipients of the Kathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate Fellowship (awarded to a highly ranked candidate from the Humanities, Arts and Social Science disciplines) and the Georgina Sweet Australian Laureate Fellowship (awarded to a highly ranked candidate from the Science and Technology disciplines) are provided with additional funding to undertake an ambassadorial role to promote women in research and to mentor early career researchers, particularly women, to encourage them to enter and establish careers in research in Australia. The assessment for these prestigious Fellowships takes place in two stages. Applicants who have indicated interest in either a Georgina Sweet or Kathleen Fitzpatrick Fellowship must first be successful as an Australian Laureate Fellow. Only when the SAC has recommended them as Australian Laureate Fellows will an applicant be assessed for a Kathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate Fellowship or a Georgina Sweet Australian Laureate Fellowship. The 2021 recipients of the Kathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate Fellowship or a Georgina Sweet Australian Laureate Fellowship are shown in Table 3. Table 3. 2021 Kathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate Fellowship and Georgina Sweet Australian Laureate Fellowship Fellowship Type Approved candidate Administering Organisation Kathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate Fellowship Professor Sundhya Pahuja The University of Melbourne Georgina Sweet Australian Laureate Fellowship Professor Yun Liu The Australian National University Table 4. Indicative funds for approved Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 applications Budget item 2021–2022 2022–2023 2023–2024 2024-2025 2025-2026 TOTAL Laureate Salary supplement including on-costs $2,875,771 $2,875,771 $2,875,771 $2,875,771 $2,875,771 $14,378,855 ARC Postdoctoral Researchers $3,531,308 $3,531,308 $3,531,308 $3,531,308 $3,531,308 $17,656,540 ARC Postgraduate Researchers $618,332 $955,604 $955,604 $955,604 $337,272 $3,822,416 Project Funding $3,761,155 $3,600,735 $3,561,670 $3,444,445 $3,480,894 $17,848,899 TOTAL $10,786,566 $10,963,418 $10,924,353 $10,807,128 $10,225,245 $53,706,710 Outcomes by discipline A summary of outcomes by discipline panel is shown in Table 5. Table 5. Application numbers, success rates and requested and allocated funds for Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 by discipline Discipline * Applications considered Applications approved Success rate (%) Requested funds over project life for all applications considered ($) Requested funds over project life for approved applications ($) Funds over project life for approved applications ($) ReturnRate for approved applications (%) BSB 29 4 13.8 $103,705,548 $14,451,916 $12,815,357 88.7 EIC 45 5 11.1 $157,586,996 $17,162,470 $14,857,041 86.6 HCA 26 2 7.7 $89,768,040 $6,980,742 $6,710,437 96.1 MPCE 41 5 12.2 $137,664,294 $17,471,959 $15,858,875 90.8 SBE 29 1 3.4 $97,093,295 $3,692,538 $3,465,000 93.8 Total 170 17 10.0 $585,818,173 $59,759,625 $53,706,710 89.9 *BSB = Biological Sciences and Biotechnology; EIC = Engineering, Information and Computing Sciences; HCA = Humanities and Creative Arts; MPCE = Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry and Earth Sciences; SBE = Social, Behavioural and Economics Sciences Outcomes by Science and Research Priorities A summary of outcomes by Science and Research Priorities is shown in Table 6. Table 6. Approved funding and success rates for Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 applications by Science and Research Priorities Science and Research Priorities Applications considered Applications approved Success rate (%) Approved funds over project life ($) Advanced Manufacturing 29 4 13.8 $12,123,263 Cybersecurity 9 1 11.1 $3,518,080 Energy 6 1 16.7 $3,263,000 Environmental Change 33 1 3.0 $2,968,718 Food 7 1 14.3 $3,331,707 Health 25 4 16.0 $13,134,116 Resources 6 0 0.0 $0 Soil and Water 3 1 33.3 $3,277,650 Transport 6 1 16.7 $2,716,041 None Selected 46 3 6.5 $9,374,135 Total 170 17 10.0 $53,706,710 Total within Science and Research Priorities 124 14 11.3 $44,332,575 Percentage within Science and Research Priorities (%) 72.9 82.4 82.5 Outcomes by Administering Organisation The Administering Organisations of the 17 applications approved for funding are: Curtin University (1) Deakin University (1) Monash University (1) Queensland University of Technology (2) The Australian National University (3) The University of Adelaide (1) The University of Melbourne (1) The University of Queensland (2) The University of Sydney (3) University of Technology Sydney (1) University of Wollongong (1) Career age and gender Of the 170 Australian Laureate Fellowship candidates in this round, 41 were female, 128 were male and one chose not to specify gender. The success rate for female, male and unspecified candidates in this round is 19.5 per cent, 7.0 per cent and 0.0 per cent respectively. Success rates of Australian Laureate Fellowship candidates by career age and gender in the current Australian Laureate Fellowship round are presented in Figure 1. Candidates who did not provide gender information (0.6 per cent) and candidates who did not specify the date of completion of their PhD or who do not hold a PhD (0.6 per cent) are not represented in the figure below. Figure 1. Participation and success rate of Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 candidate by gender and career age* * Career age is calculated as years since PhD. The earliest PhD award date was used where there was more than one PhD. Attracting and retaining outstanding researchers Applications were open to Eligible Organisations to nominate candidates who are world-class researchers of international repute, resident either within Australia or overseas (Table 7). Table 7. Citizenship/residency status of Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 candidates and approved Awardees Citizenship/residency status Applications considered % of Applications considered Applications approved Success rate (%) Foreign Nationals 14 8.2 3 21.4 Resident Australians 150 88.2 14 9.3 Returning Australians 6 3.5 0 0.0 Total 170 100 17 10.0 Note: All totals and percentages are shown using rounded figures, and as such may not sum. International collaboration Among 170 of the applications considered, applicants foreshadowed 815 instances of collaboration with researchers in 74 overseas locations. Of the applications approved for funding, 17 foreshadowed 94 instances of collaboration with researchers in 32 overseas locations (Figure 2). Figure 2. International collaborations by location in approved Australian Laureate Fellowships 2021 applications* *The top 10 international collaboration locations are listed in Figure 2 and the remaining are grouped in the ‘Other’ category.